20-4How do you think each of the following items would affect a company’s ability to attract new capital and the flotation costs involved in doing so?a) A decision of a privately held company to go public.b) The increasing institutionalization of the “buy side” of the stock and bond markets.c) The trend toward “financial conglomerates” as opposed to stand-alone investment banking houses.d) Elimination of the preemptive right.e) The introduction of “shelf registrations” in 1981.